Based on the principle of engineering mechanics, structural bionics studies the forms of different structural levels (microcosmic, microscopic and macro) of the organism for inspiration, and then imitating materials, structures and systems to improve the efficiency of the engineering structure. Structural bionics involves engineering sciences such as biology, material science, structural design, control science, aerodynamics and system engineering, which are interdisciplinary research fields. Structural bionics mainly studies the application of the internal structure principle of living organisms and natural substances, and studies the structure and nature of biological systems to provide new design ideas for engineering technology. Structural bionics is developing rapidly along the direction of multi-functional, intelligent, integrated and miniaturized. Only by attaching importance to and strengthening multidisciplinary cooperation and establishing and perfecting the theory of bionics, can the engineering application of structural bionics be further expanded and the technological progress can be promoted.